South Jamaica is a predominantly African-American and Afro-Caribbean working-class neighborhood south of downtown Jamaica, bounded by the Van Wyck Expressway and the LIRR, built up rapidly in the 1920s and historically shaped by decades of disinvestment and later by significant crime reduction — major crimes fell 76% between 1993 and 2010. It is home to York College of the City University of New York, established in 1988, and the site of the former Jamaica Race Course (1894–1959), whose grounds were replaced by the Rochdale Village cooperative housing development.